14 Here is,

1. The extreme distress that Israel was in at the Red - sea.
   1. Notice given of it to Moses before, Exo 14:1-4.
      
   2. The cause of it was Pharaoh's pursuit of them, Exo 14:5-9.
      
   3. Israel was in a consternation upon it, Exo 14:10-12.
      
   4. Moses endeavours to encourage them, Exo 14:13-14.
   
   
2. The wonderful deliverance that God wrought for them.
   1. Moses is instructed concerning it, Exo 14:15-18.
      
   2. Lines that could not be forced are set between the camp of Israel and Pharaoh's camp, Exo 14:19-20.
      
   3. By the divine power the Red - sea is divided, Exo 14:21.
      and is made,
      1. A lane to the Israelites, who marched safely through it, Exo 14:22-29.
         But.
      2. To the Egyptians it was made,
         1. An ambush into which they were drawn, Exo 14:23-25. And,
            
         2. A grave in which they were all buried, Exo 14:26-28.
   
   
3. The impressions this made upon the Israelites, Exo 14:30-31.
   

14:5 And it was told the king that the people fled - He either forgot, or would not own that they had departed with his consent; and therefore was willing it should be represented to him as a revolt from their allegiance.

14:7 Captains over every one of them - Or rather over all of them; distributing the command of them to his several Captains.

14:8 With an high hand - Boldly, resolutely.

14:9 Chariots and horsemen - It should seem he took no foot with him, because the king's business required haste.

14:10 They were sore afraid - They knew the strength of the enemy, and their own weakness; numerous indeed they were, but all foot, unarmed, undisciplined, dispirited, by long servitude, and now pent up, so that they could not escape. On one hand was Pi - hahiroth, a range of craggy rocks unpassable; on the other hand were Migdol and Baal - zephon, forts upon the frontiers of Egypt; before them was the sea, behind them were the Egyptians; so that there was no way open for them but upwards, and thence their deliverance came.

14:13 Moses answered not these fools according to their folly: Instead of chiding he comforts them, and with an admirable pretence of mind, not disheartened either by the threatenings of Egypt, or the tremblings of Israel, stills their murmuring, Fear ye not, It is our duty, when we cannot get out of our troubles, yet to get above our fears, so that they may only serve to quicken our prayers and endeavours, but may not prevail to silence our faith and hope. Stand still, and think not to save yourselves either by fighting or flying; wait God's orders, and observe them; Compose yourselves, by an entire confidence in God, into a peaceful prospect of the great salvation God is now about to work for you. Hold your peace, you need not so much as give a shout against the enemy: the work shall be done without any concurrence of yours. In times of great difficulty, it is our wisdom to keep our spirits calm, quiet, and sedate, for then we are in the best frame both to do our own work, and to consider the work of God.

14:15 Wherefore criest thou unto me - Moses though he was assured of a good issue, yet did not neglect prayer. We read not of one word he said in prayer, but he lifted up his heart to God, and God well understood, and took notice of. Moses's silent prayer prevailed more with God, than Israel's loud out - cries. But is God displeased with Moses for praying? No, he asks this question, Wherefore criest thou unto me? Wherefore shouldst thou press thy petition any farther, when it is already granted? Moses has something else to do besides praying, he is to command the hosts of Israel. Speak to them that they go forward - Some think Moses had prayed not so much for their deliverance, he was assured of that; as for the pardon of their murmurings, and God's ordering them to go forward, was an intimation of the pardon.Moses bid them stand still and expect orders from God: and now orders are given. They thought they must have been directed either to the right hand, or to the left; no, saith God, speak to them to go forward, directly to the sea - side; as if there had lain a fleet of transport ships ready for them to embark in. Let the children of Israel go as far as they can upon dry ground, and then God will divide the sea.The same power could have congealed the waters for them to pass over, but infinite wisdom chose rather to divide the waters for them to pass through, for that way of salvation is always pitched upon which is most humbling.

12 

12:38 We would see a sign - Else we will not believe this. Mat 16:1; Luk 11:16, Luk 11:29.

12:39 An adulterous generation - Whose heart wanders from God, though they profess him to be their husband. Such adulterers are all those who love the world, and all who seek the friendship of it.Seeketh a sign - After all they have had already, which were abundantly sufficient to convince them, had not their hearts been estranged from God, and consequently averse to the truth.The sign of Jonah - Who was herein a type of Christ.

12:40 Three days and three nights - It was customary with the eastern nations to reckon any part of a natural day of twenty - four hours, for the whole day. Accordingly they used to say a thing was done after three or seven days, if it was done on the third or seventh day, from that which was last mentioned. Instances of this may be seen, Ki1 20:29; and in many other places. And as the Hebrews had no word to express a natural day, they used night and day, or day and night for it. So that to say a thing happened after three days and three nights, was with them the very same, as to say, it happened after three days, or on the third day. See Est 4:16; Est 5:1; Gen 7:4, Gen 7:12; Exo 24:18; Exo 34:28. Jon 2:1.

12:42 She came from the uttermost parts of the earth - That part of Arabia from which she came was the uttermost part of the earth that way, being bounded by the sea. Ki1 10:1.