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King James Version (en)

King James Version (en)

1 Thessalonians, Chapter 4, verses 10-12

⁹ to love one another, ¹¹ and quietly to follow their own business

¹⁰And indeed ye do it toward all the brethren which are in all Macedonia: but we beseech you, brethren, that ye increase more and more;

¹¹And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you;

¹²That ye may walk honestly toward them that are without, and that ye may have lack of nothing.

Read more:1 Thessalonians, Chapter 4

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4

4:11 That ye study - Literally, that ye be ambitious: an ambition worthy a Christian. To work with your hands - Not a needless caution; for temporal concerns are often a cross to them who are newly filled with the love of God.

4:12 Decently - That they may have no pretence to say, (but they will say it still,) "This religion makes men idle,and brings them to beggary." And may want nothing - Needful for life and godliness. What Christian desires more?

NOTES

Continuing the conversation about the life of the Kingdom, Paul draws attention to its most important feature: those called to such a life...

Continuing the conversation about the life of the Kingdom, Paul draws attention to its most important feature: those called to such a life must always preserve a state of sanctification (v. 7; in the Synodal translation sanctification is usually called "holiness"). Here the apostle is obviously continuing the tradition formed back in the times when the second part of the Book of Leviticus was written (Lev 19-27): it is precisely here that the call first sounded not simply to purity, which had sounded before, but to a sanctified life (Lev 1-2).

Paul also calls the addressees of his letter to a sanctified life (vv. 3-7). In such a case, it would seem, there is nothing fundamentally new in the apostle's appeals. But the matter is still not quite so simple: the appeal really has remained the same, but the circumstances have changed fundamentally. Before, the call to a sanctified life sounded precisely as a call and a wish; now it sounds like a requirement. There is nothing surprising in such a change, for before the issue was righteousness in this present, still untransformed world; now the issue is the Kingdom, to which Paul calls his listeners and readers. In the untransformed world, the question of a sanctified life is above all a question of righteousness in all its fullness: sanctification presupposes the transformation of human nature, without which it is not capable of righteous life, if, of course, righteousness is understood not as formal adherence to some moral code, but as the acquisition of the inner Torah.

However, the Torah never demanded such righteousness from a person; it only offered it as an ideal toward which it called people to strive. But the ideal and the exceptional cases of our still untransformed world are, as we can see, the norm for the Kingdom, so that the apostle, following the Savior Himself, calls the faithful to a sanctified life not as to something exceptional, but as to the norm without which it is impossible to become a resident of the Kingdom. And that means it is impossible to be a Christian.

Paul reminds the Thessalonian Christians that Christian life must certainly include what today we would call an ascetic component...

Paul reminds the Thessalonian Christians that Christian life must certainly include what today we would call an ascetic component. This is not about mortifying the flesh, as asceticism is often understood today, but about consciously governing one's spiritual states and thereby determining the course and quality of one's life. It is in this sense that the apostle speaks of the need to "keep one's vessel in holiness and honor," not defiling it with "sexual immorality," which Paul most likely understands as broadly as the ancient prophets understood it.

Indeed, what is life from the Bible's point of view? It is a stream that comes from God and flows through a person, while the person in some mysterious way also abides in it, determining its quality and direction. In the language of the Bible it is called the "soul," although the corresponding Hebrew word, like its Greek equivalent, is often rendered by translators simply as "life," which matches the original meaning. But in this case the point is not life as a flow of events external to a person, but life as something that permeates a person from within, filling him with the dynamic without which the person does not exist.

This inner dynamic is called the "soul," or simply life, and it includes both spirit, including all those movements of the soul that we call higher, and nature, down to such "lowly" things as breathing or blood circulation. But the overall quality of this stream and the predominance in it of the spiritual or natural component are determined by the person himself at the level of his spiritual "I," what the Bible calls the "heart." It is there that a person's spiritual self-determination takes place through his will; there are born the intentions that govern his spiritual life and life in general.

And there, in the heart, the door opens, or, on the contrary, slams shut, through which God's breath of life enters the stream of a person's life, his inner space, and, if we are speaking of Christians, the breath of the Kingdom as well. A person contains this breath insofar as his own life is consciously directed by him, through those same intentions, along the path of the commandments given by God, along the path of the inner Torah. The inner Torah is precisely the vessel that allows God's breath of life and the breath of the Kingdom to abide in a person.

Otherwise, even after sensing this breath and sharing in it, a person will not be able to keep it. The spiritual influence will end, the ecstasy will cease, and the person will return again to his former life, becoming the same as he was before the influence he experienced. A person can change only with his own active participation in the process, when he strives to keep what he receives from God by creating in his inner space a corresponding receptacle, that very "vessel." This is what Paul reminds the Thessalonian Christians of in his letter.

It is usually very hard for a person to reach a point of balance in his own life. At one moment it seems necessary...

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