Both of these biblical texts, so different at first glance, reflect a single understanding of life. The foundation of the understanding of life in Ecclesiastes is, perhaps, that within the framework of earthly life everything that seems valuable and significant to man is, in fact, vanity and a chasing after the wind...
Both of these biblical texts, so different at first glance, reflect a single understanding of life.
The foundation of the understanding of life in Ecclesiastes is, perhaps, that within the framework of earthly life everything that seems valuable and significant to man is, in fact, vanity and a chasing after the wind. Ecclesiastes seeks and finds nothing on earth to which the heart should be attached, which could become a source of happiness, a source of life for man. Even wisdom and moderation, so valued by the ancients, give us nothing but privation, even voluntary privation. Only in God does Ecclesiastes hope to find meaning; but God remains incomprehensible and distant to him. To draw near to Him is hardly possible for man.
The understanding of life in Ecclesiastes is colored by inescapable sorrow, because in this life he sees suffering and emptiness behind everything. The book ends with an unspoken hope for "that day" when the sun and stars will grow dim, and this earthly world will come to its end. The "Day of the Lord," the "Day of Judgment," as the great prophets of the Old Testament called it, may perhaps give man some understanding of the meaning of existence. But the light of this hope is hidden from Ecclesiastes; written in the period between the return from the Babylonian captivity and the coming of Christ, this book sums up the hopeless, joyless, and meaningless existence of man before Christ. The sorrow of Ecclesiastes is such that nothing earthly can quench it, and in this lies the greatest realism of this book.
The fundamental meaning of the understanding of life behind the words of the Lord Jesus Christ in the Sermon on the Mount is that only God Himself can be the answer to all our questions. The only thing that can be the purpose and meaning of human life is God Himself. Not something proceeding from Him, not earthly life in itself, nor even eternity can quench the thirst resounding in the words of Ecclesiastes. Only God… And the most important thing that the Lord Jesus proclaimed to people is that God has come to us to give us meaning, joy, and life. Even suffering becomes for us not just a symptom of mortality, but a meeting place with the Incomprehensible. Deeds of mercy and the fulfillment of the law, meekness and the rejection of violence, love for people itself — everything gains meaning only because here we find God. "The kingdom of heaven is at hand," the Lord repeats more than once in the Gospel. That Kingdom where life finds meaning, that for which it would be worth living, is inaccessible to us — but this Kingdom itself has drawn near to us out of God's great love.
In Christ, man finds what Ecclesiastes sought and did not find. But nowhere else but in Him can this be found — in this both the book of Ecclesiastes and the Sermon on the Mount converge. Of course, this answer is necessarily brief and most likely incomplete. If we briefly answer your second question in the same way, it will be something like this: The purpose of our life is God Himself, a Person whom one can love, seek, comprehend, and trust. At the same time, the purpose of our life is to fulfill God's design for us: to bring His love into the created world, to serve as a creative principle in the world. This is possible for us only together with God; by ourselves we can create nothing but chaos. These two aspects of the purpose of our life unite in the possibility of being the presence of God in this world, a Temple of the Holy Spirit, as the apostle Paul expresses it.
The meaning of life is thus hidden in the Almighty Himself. As Saint Augustine, the great Christian thinker of the late 4th — early 5th centuries, said addressing God: "You have made us for Yourself, and our hearts are restless until they find their rest in You." The Lord Jesus Christ Himself expressed this mystery in the words of a prayer addressed to the Father: "That they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us." The love that unites us with God to the very depths of our and His nature — this, perhaps, is the meaning of our life. The value of human life I would measure by God's love for each of us. We are weak, empty, and barren; our life often seems worthless to us. But God loves us not because we are good, but because He is God. And we are valuable not because we are good, but because we are loved by Him.
It is unlikely that this answer can claim completeness and objectivity. But, I hope it is direct enough. Practice shows that it hides a wonderful power of life; moreover, it is important to bear in mind that when we meet God, questions disappear. Not that we receive answers, — but there comes a moment when you forget about questions and begin to live, because God Himself is the answer to everything.
18 Elijah sends notice to Ahab of his coming, Ki1 18:1-16.
His interview with Ahab, Ki1 18:17-19.
His interview with all Israel upon mount Carmel, Ki1 18:21-39.
He slays the prophets of Baal, Ki1 18:40.
Obtains rain, and runs before Ahab to Jezreel, Ki1 18:41-46.
18:20 Ahab sent - He complied with Elijah's motion; because the urgency of the present distress made him willing to try all means toremove it; from a curiosity of seeing some extraordinary events; andprincipally, because God inclined his heart.
18:21 And said - Why do you walk so lamely and unevenly, being so unsteady in your opinions and practices, and doubting whether it isbetter to worship God or Baal? If the Lord - Whom you pretend toworship. Follow - Worship him, and him only, and that in such placeand manner as he hath commanded you. If Baal - If Baal can provehimself to be the true God. Answered not - Being convinced of thereasonableness of his proposition.
18:22 I only - Here present, to own the cause of God. As far the other prophets of the Lord, many of them were slain, others banished, or hidin caves.
18:23 Let then, etc - To put this controversy to a short issue.
18:24 By Fire - That shall consume the sacrifice by fire sent from heaven; which the people knew the true God used to do. It was a greatcondescension in God, that he would permit Baal to be a competitor withhim. But thus God would have every mouth to be stopped, and all fleshbecome silent before him. And Elijah doubtless had a special commissionfrom God, or he durst not have put it to this issue. But the case wasextraordinary, and the judgment upon it would be of use not only then, butin all ages. Elijah does not say, The God that answers by water, tho'that was the thing the country needed, but that answers by fire, let himbe God; because the atonement was to be made, before the judgment couldbe removed. The God therefore that has power to pardon sin, and to signifythat by consuming the sin - offering, must needs be the God that can relieveus against the calamity.
18:25 Dress it first - And I am willing to give you the precedency.This he did, because if he had first offered, and God had answered by fire,Baal's priests would have desisted from making the trial on their part;and because the disappointment of the priests of Baal, of which he waswell assured, would prepare the way for the people's attention to his words,and cause them to entertain his success with more affection; and this cominglast would leave the greater impression upon their hearts. And this theyaccepted, because they might think, that if Baal answered them first,which they presumed he would, the people would be so confirmed andheightened in their opinion of Baal, that they might murder Elijahbefore he came to his experiment.
18:26 Dressed - Cut it in pieces, and laid the parts upon the wood.From morning - From the time of the morning sacrifice; which advantageElijah suffered them to take. They leapt upon - Or, beside thealtar: or, before it. They used some superstitious and disorderlygestures, either pretending to be acted by the spirit of their god, and tobe in a kind of religious extasy; or, in way of devotion to their god.
18:27 Mocked them - Derided them and their gods, which had now proved themselves to be ridiculous and contemptible things.
18:28 Cut themselves - Mingling their own blood with their sacrifices; as knowing by experience, that nothing was more acceptable to their Baal(who was indeed the devil) than human blood; and hoping thereby to movetheir god to help them. And this indeed was the practice of divers Heathensin the worship of their false gods.
18:29 Prophesied - That is, prayed to, and worshipped their god.
18:30 The altar - This had been built by some of their ancestors for the offering of sacrifice to the God of Israel, which was frequentlydone in high places. Broken down - By some of the Baalites, out oftheir enmity to the true God, whose temple, because they could not reach,they shewed their malignity in destroying his altars.
18:31 Twelve stones - This he did, to renew the covenant between God and all the tribes, as Moses did, Exo 24:4, to shew, that heprayed and acted in the name, and for the service of the God of all thePatriarchs, and of all the tribes of Israel, and for their good:and, to teach the people, that though the tribes were divided as to theircivil government, they ought all to be united in the worship of the sameGod. Israel - Jacob was graciously answered by God when he prayed tohim, and was honoured with the glorious title of Israel, which notedhis prevalency with God and men. And I, calling upon the same God, doubtnot of a like gracious answer; and if ever you mean to have your prayersgranted, you must seek to the God of Jacob.
18:33 With water - This they could quickly fetch, either from the river Kishon; or, if that was dried up, from the sea; both were at the foot ofthe mountain. This he did to make the miracle more glorious, and moreunquestionable.
18:36 The evening sacrifice - This time he chose, that he might unite his prayers with the prayers of the godly Jews at Jerusalem, who atthat time assembled together to pray. Lord God of, etc - Hereby he shewsfaith in God's ancient covenant, and also reminds the people, of theirrelation both to God and to the patriarchs. Done these things - Broughtthis famine, gathered the people hither, and done what I have done, or amdoing here; not in compliance with my own passions, but in obedience to thycommand.
18:37 Hast turned - Let them feel so powerful a change in their hearts, that they may know it is thy work. Back again - Unto thee, from whom theyhave revolted.
18:38 Consumed - Solomon's altar was consecrated by fire from heaven; but this was destroyed, because no more to be used.
18:39 They fell - In acknowledgment of the true God.He is God - He alone; and Baal is a senseless idol. And theydouble the words, to note their abundant satisfaction and assuranceof the truth of their assertion.