NOTES for Isa 9:6

Listing the symbolic names that reflect the essence of who Christ will become for people, the prophet Isaiah expresses in his own language very important things. It is important to listen to his words, because we often do not see God's gift in Christ because we expect something other than what God gives. The prophet says that Christ is Wonderful; His coming is not subject to the laws of the created world, and what He accomplishes is incomprehensible. "Counselor," in the Slavonic translation "angel of great counsel," means that Christ brings into the world the will of the Heavenly Father for the salvation of people and, of course, obedience to that will. The name "Mighty God," which the prophet applies to the descendant of David, is striking. Most likely Isaiah himself understands it differently from us: the Old Testament does not contain a clear revelation about the God-manhood of Christ, because people are not able to comprehend it. Involuntarily the prophet says here something that surpasses his own understanding, and we hear the voice of the Spirit inspiring Isaiah. Christ is not simply man, but also God. In Him, therefore, the presence of the Invisible God enters the world and the abyss separating us from Him is overcome. And therefore Christ opens eternal life for people; "Father of eternity," Isaiah calls Him. Finally, the authoritative entrance of eternity into human life happens because the coming of Christ makes peace among us possible. Nothing is for the prophet so characteristic a sign of eternity, so characteristic a sign of divine life, as peace. Christ's dominion is realized in reconciliation. And conversely, outside reconciliation there is no place for Him.

A wonderful gift: prophecy. Several centuries after these words were written, the apostle Paul will say that we should especially seek this very gift, because it opens the Lord's ways to us.

It would seem that Isaiah is simply prophesying about the birth of an earthly Messiah, the King from the line of David, but he lists names that can refer only to God Himself. And for a person of Isaiah's time a name was not a conventional label, but something that expressed the essence of the bearer of the name.

So the King from David's line in some astonishing way turns out to be God Himself, establishing His Kingdom forever. And all this is accomplished by the zeal of God, or, as the New Testament would later clarify, by the love of God.

In this prophecy, a rebuke to Israel and Judah sounds by way of contrast, because they do not want to turn to God even in a time of trials. Alongside it comes the message of the exaltation of Gentile Galilee, where oppression and wars will cease because the Prince of Peace will shine there - peace as a state of harmony between God and people. It is paradoxical that the promise of the Son comes against the background of unbelief and forgetfulness of God among His people. But beyond human unfaithfulness and sin, another power is at work in the world: the zeal of the Lord, His fiery love for people, which stops at nothing.

Today's reading includes a messianic hymn (vv. 1-7) linking the Messiah's earthly ministry with Galilee - a place of no religious distinction. There were no major Yahwist religious centers here like those that existed farther south, in Samaria, and Jerusalem with its Temple was, by local standards, rather far away. But none of this prevented Galilee from hearing the preaching of the Messiah-Christ or from becoming the place where the Savior's childhood passed.

External greatness and ancient tradition do not always help the work of God. Who knows what Jesus' childhood would have been like if He had spent it not in quiet Nazareth, but in Jerusalem? God's plan often requires quietness and hiddenness, especially at the first stages, when its fulfillment is only beginning. Human plans, by contrast, often assume from the very start noise, fame, and the earthly greatness that fallen man loves so much (vv. 8-10).

Today's reading not accidentally contrasts despised Galilee with the Kingdom of Israel. The irony of the situation was that Galilee belonged, though not completely, to this state, but was considered in it a remote backwater, of no interest to anyone and of no distinction. All the large cities and all the important political and religious centers of the country lay farther south, in Samaria. Galilee, however, was a border region already partly settled by Gentiles (which is why the prophet calls it "of the nations," v. 1). But centuries passed, and of the Kingdom of Israel, whose rulers were proud of the greatness of their, in essence, quite small country, only memories remained. And the most famous city in this land today is not even Bethel, which was the religious capital of the North and one of the most ancient Yahwist religious centers, but Nazareth, which in the flourishing era of the Northern Kingdom did not yet exist at all and later was by no means distinguished by fame until it was glorified by the One to whom Isaiah bore witness.