NOTES for Th2 3:14-15

Some words lose all meaning when we repeat them thoughtlessly day after day. Who remembers that the Russian greeting "zdravstvuyte" is literally a wish for good health? Even people who are not particularly religious may wish someone, "Well, God help you!" without thinking of God at all. Does that mean all of this is nonsense and that it would be better not to mention the Lord's name? Yet the Apostle Paul considers it very important to write a blessing to everyone he addresses. Is Paul taking God's name in vain? No. He understands very well what he is writing; moreover, he tries to formulate his blessings differently so that those who read his letter will not merely skim its ending ("Ah, these are just formulas of politeness"), but will read the text attentively. It is probably important to God as well that we speak of Him, but not mechanically—consciously; that we do not exclude His name from our speech, but that every time we name Him, we truly address Him.

Speaking of the need for everyone to work and earn his bread by his own labor, Paul, as one can see, connects following the "tradition" that he and his co-workers left to the Thessalonian church precisely with such a way of life (vv. 6-10). Mentioning certain brothers who do nothing but, in Paul's own definition, "busy themselves," he advises keeping away from them, not in order to treat them as enemies, but, as one can see, in order not to take part in the fuss that brings no benefit to anyone (vv. 11-15). The context of the letter as a whole allows us to suppose that the brothers mentioned by the apostle were busying themselves not only because of the disorderliness of their own character, but also, perhaps, because they were waiting too tensely for the day of the Savior's return.

Such tense, perhaps even feverish expectation could not fail to produce in the church community a distinctive "eschatological" excitement, so familiar to many churches in many different ages. Apparently Paul was a resolute opponent of the spread of this kind of attitude in the churches. And the point here, clearly, is not only that they did not help normal and full spiritual life at all, but on the contrary only hindered it, as all fuss hinders it. The point is above all that they distracted Christians from the main task: sanctification and witness, without which the spread of the Kingdom is impossible. Indeed, the whole meaning of Paul's letter to the Thessalonian church comes down to the fact that the Savior's return is inseparable from the becoming and revealing of the Kingdom in the world, that this return itself is possible only as the completion of the process of the transformation of creation, a process determined above all by the activity of the witnesses of the Kingdom. Meanwhile, feverish expectation of the Second Coming in the apostle's time, as in all other times, as one can see, was accompanied by anything except witness to the Kingdom. There is nothing surprising in this: after all, such an overly emotional expectation means first of all that for those waiting, the Kingdom is still ahead. For them, the history of the Kingdom has not yet begun; it will begin only on the day of the Second Coming, which in essence will turn out for them not to be the second but the first, because the first, to which the evangelists testify, changed nothing for them and had no effect on their lives.

For Christians living a normal, full spiritual life, the Kingdom is already a reality, although it has not yet revealed itself in all its fullness. For those feverishly awaiting the Second Coming, it is only an exciting premonition that stirs the mind and heart, which of course has very little in common with the life of the Kingdom. And Paul advises the faithful to keep away from the busy brothers not because he hates or despises them, but because the faithful taking part in such fuss will benefit neither those who are busy nor the faithful themselves. It will not bring the former closer to the Kingdom, and it can only move the latter farther from it. One can be joined to the Kingdom only by ceasing to fuss and beginning to live, which is what Paul calls all his Thessalonian brothers to do.